咖啡与水的比例（金杯萃取准则：Gold Cup Brewing Principle）

　　对比两张表格，不难发现，所谓发烧友的冲泡，只不过浓度稍大、口感更重一些而已。

　　简单的说，正常情况下，一份粉(10克)，冲入约22份(220克)水，发烧友则用一份粉(10克)，冲约16~17份水(160~170克水)。

　　下图是SCAA的咖啡冲泡率图。如果你有TDS这个小仪器，测出咖啡的数值在下表中间的黄色框范围内，则咖啡酒相对均衡、好喝。在这张表中，横坐标是咖啡萃取率，即咖啡豆(粉)中萃取出的咖啡成分占咖啡豆(份)的比率，纵坐标表示的是萃取出的咖啡成分(特别提示：这不是咖啡粉的重量)占整个咖啡液的比例，也称浓度。SCAA长期的观察、研究得出的结论是，咖啡的萃取率在18~22%，浓度在1.15~1.35%时(即黄色框的范围)，咖啡的口感最好(均衡、好喝)。

　　(来源：scaa.org)

　　上面说的这个数据，需要专门的仪器来测试，但只要我们注意一下几点，制作出的咖啡的测试数据就基本在上述范围之内。

　　1. 使用的咖啡粉与水的比例(1:15~20，一般情况下取中按1:18来试制作，在根据味道调整。);

　　2. 咖啡研磨的粗细程度(砂糖粗细， 约0.86毫米);

　　2. 咖啡与水的接触时间长短(咖啡粉在水中的浸泡时间大约在三分钟左右);

　　4. 水温的高低(92~96度)。

　　参阅：金杯萃取与大师频出

　　资料来源：Blackbearcoffee 编译：黄伟 转载务必注明出处和原始链接

　　【2012年12月2日补记】：

　　滴滤咖啡的金杯萃取准则是在长期实践基础上归纳和总结，在咖啡领域里，SCAE和SCAA的研究最为透彻和权威。因此，对于像我这样的门外汉而又缺乏钻研精神和能力、条件的人而言，采取拿来主义是再简单不过的办法。所谓“金杯萃取准则”，基本上就是上面红色字体的内容。记住这些不难。回过头再看这篇博文，你只需看红色字体部分。

　　其它参考资料：

　　The SCAE Gold Cup Programme：

　　The Gold Cup Programme is a European drive by the SCAE to improve the standard of filter coffee consumed in the marketplace. It ensures a WIN for the Coffee Roaster, a WIN for the Restaurateur and a WIN for the consumer.

　　SCAE Gold Cup = Win-Win-Win

　　The SCAE’s Gold Cup programme promotes a better, measurable standard in filter coffee. This will be achieved by recognising an internationally respected set of rules on brewing filter coffee.

　　The Gold Cup sets minimum standards for coffee to water ratio, brewing temperature and holding time, and optimum standards for coffee extraction and strength.

　　How the Gold Cup works：

　　The SCAE Gold Cup uses the industry to monitor itself, backed up by incontrovertible and well-researched scientific data to ensure the integrity of the Gold Cup as a quality standard is objectively maintained.

　　THE ART OF BREWING - WHAT IS THE PERFECT CUP?

　　There are acres of paper filled with data on coffee, coffee origins, coffee roasting and coffee flavour profiles. All these things have huge importance on what goes in the cup.

　　As important is the alchemy or art of turning a coffee bean and water into a perfectly extracted cup of coffee.

　　The Art of Brewing is effectively taking between 18 and 22% of a coffee bean and extracting it into approx 1.3% of the finished beverage.

　　The most important aspect of ‘the perfect cup’ is the balance between strength of the beverage and correct extraction of the bean.

　　THE SCIENCE OF BREWING – HOW TO GET THE PERFECT CUP

　　Filter coffee as defined by the SCAE Gold Cup standard -

　　‘A ratio of 1 litre of fresh water brewed at 92° to 96°C through 50 to 65g of freshly ground coffee and filtered through an oxygen-bleached filter paper to extract between 18% and 22% of solids from the coffee.’

　　Scientifically, there are many aspects which influence the quality of filter coffee, most significantly:

　　1. Grammage - How much coffee we use per litre of water.

　　2. Grind - How coarse or fine we grind the roasted coffee bean

　　3. Contact Time - How long the ground beans and water are in contact to extract the brew.

　　4. Temperature - How consistent and what temperature the water is at brew time.

　　来源：

　　黄伟精品咖啡烘焙的博客