喝咖啡的好处与坏处与咖啡豆种类也有关?12个咖啡种类图解
发表于:2024-11-19 作者:咖啡编辑
编辑最后更新 2024年11月19日,专业咖啡知识交流 更多咖啡豆资讯 请关注咖啡工房(微信公众号cafe_style ) 咖啡种类 每次与人相约在咖啡店见面,点咖啡时是否看不懂菜单, 不知道该要哪一种? 下面的图解释了12种 咖啡的区别,分享给大家: 许多人喜欢喝咖啡,但对咖啡的观念却不一定正确
专业咖啡知识交流 更多咖啡豆资讯 请关注咖啡工房(微信公众号cafe_style )
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每次与人相约在咖啡店见面,点咖啡时是否看不懂菜单,不知道该要哪一种?下面的图解释了12种 咖啡的区别,分享给大家:许多人喜欢喝咖啡,但对咖啡的观念却不一定正确,最近收到一封来自新光医讯第98期/ 营养师陈淑美的文章,觉得很棒,也反映出新光医讯及营养师对刊物的用心,看一下这篇文章吧!今天要来介绍〝咖啡新观念〞的相关资讯。【咖啡新观念】“来一杯咖啡”已经成为现在最流行,最常见的交际方式。绝太多数的西方人将它视为日常生活的一部份;在台湾,特别是最近这几年,一家家各式风格的咖啡店,如雨后春笋般出现于台北街头,可见,咖啡文化已深植台北人的心。咖啡的魅力,让许多人留恋其中,除了品尝一杯好喝的咖啡外,更增添了不少生活乐趣。但是您知道吗?享受一杯美味咖啡的同时,更对您的健康有意想不到的助益呢!在你下回品尝时,不妨对咖啡先有以下的健康认知。抗忧郁》少量的咖啡可使人精神振奋,心情愉快,纾解忧郁的现象。控制体重》咖啡因能提高人体消耗热量的速率,一项研究现100毫克的咖啡因(约1杯咖啡),可加速脂肪分解,能使人体的新陈代谢率,增加百分之三至四,增加热能的消耗,适量饮用,有减重效果。促进消化》咖啡因会刺激交感神经,提高胃液分泌,如果在饭后适量饮用,有助消化。利尿》咖啡具利尿作用,可提高排尿量,因而使上厕所次数增加。改善便秘》咖啡可刺激肠胃激素或蠕动激素,产生通便作用,可当快速通便剂。降低患肠癌或直肠癌的机率》咖啡含有天然抗氧化物。止痛》咖啡因做为一个药品时,可以加强某些止痛剂的效果。(可减缓偏头痛 YaHui)增强身体敏捷度》咖啡因也有助于在运动时,使运动阀值降低,增加身体的敏捷度,使运动员缔造较好的成绩。降低得胆结石的机会》最新来自哈佛大学公共卫生学院的一项研究指出,每天喝2——3杯咖啡者比起从不喝的人,平均得到胆结石的机会小了40﹪。此外,咖啡所含的单宁酸,具有收敛性及止血、防臭的作用。※咖啡对身体的危害※哪些人应该少喝咖啡?当身体出现以下状况或疾病时,应少喝咖啡•发育中的儿童•怀孕期间•正在授乳的妇女•老年人•空腹前(或饭前)•腹泻者•胃酸过多的人•患有胃及十二指肠胃溃疡者•患有肠道过敏综合症者•抽烟的人•喝酒之后•容易失眠的人•有精神方面疾病的人•正在服用镇定剂的人•应限制钾摄取的肾脏病患咖啡的健康学问》医界研究指出,每天喝咖啡最好的时间是:春冬季的下午三至五时,夏秋季的下午四至六时,因为这是人体最疲惫的时刻。此外,要健康的享受咖啡美味,还须留意以下事项:1.每天喝三杯咖啡(每杯约150cc)以上咖啡,即容易造成上瘾并产生心悸,危害身体健康。2.早晨喝咖啡的确有助于头脑清醒、精神抖擞,但须先吃早餐后,才能饮用,否则容易伤害肠胃功能。有胃及十二脂肠胃溃疡的人,尤其应避免空腹喝咖啡。3.酒后不宜喝咖啡,否则会更刺激血管扩张、加快血液循环,增加心血管的负担。4.喝了咖啡约十至十五分钟,即有提神醒脑的作用,所以睡前不要喝咖啡,以免失眠。5.勿喝太浓的咖啡,否则会使人变得急躁且理解力减弱。(心跳也会加速 YaHui)6.喝咖啡后,不能马上抽烟,否则容易对心脏造成危害。7.服用抗生素和胃溃疡治疗药物,不可同时喝咖啡,以免刺激胃部,造成疼痛不适。8.喝咖啡时最好加一些奶精,以缓和对胃的刺激,但是奶精与糖皆有热量,须控制摄取量,以免发胖。适量的咖啡摄取,对人体应该无伤,所有的食物都是上天恩赐。因此下次在你悠悠闲闲品尝一杯咖啡时,除了让你享受优闲、轻松的气氛,达到纾解压力、放松身心、消除疲劳的作用外,这杯小小的咖啡正为你的身体健康筑起了一道坚强防线,小心地保护著您,只要记得别喝得太多哦!咖啡种类: Types of Coffee :Take a look at the different types of coffees that you can order in a Coffee House. Have you ever wondered what they actually were? Below is a list of the different types of coffees you can order at most Coffee Houses.看看咖啡馆里各种各样不同种类的咖啡吧。您有没有想过它们到底是什么样的?以下这份是大多数咖啡馆都会提供的咖啡种类清单。EspressoThe word "espresso" is①derived from the Italian word for express since espresso is made for and served immediately to the customer. The espresso should drip out of the filter like warm honey, have a deep reddish-brown color, and a cream that②makes up 10-30% of the beverage. Espresso brewing is defined by four "M's": the Macinazione is the correct grinding of a coffee blend, Miscela is the coffee blend, Macchina is the espresso machine, and Mano is the skilled hand of the barista. When each factor of the four M's is precisely controlled, the espresso beverage that is produced is the ultimate coffee experience.意大利浓咖啡“Espresso”这个词出自意大利语“快速”,因为意大利浓咖啡的制作及送到消费者手里的速度都相当快。意大利浓咖啡就像暖蜜似地从过滤器里缓缓滴落,深红棕色的,奶油含量达到10%至30%。意大利浓咖啡的酿造可以用4个M来定义:Macinazione代表一种正确的混合咖啡的研磨方法; Miscela是咖啡混合物; Macchina是制作意大利浓咖啡的机器; Mano代表煮咖啡的师傅的熟练技术手法。只有这四个M中的每一个要素都被精确地掌握,煮出的意大利浓咖啡才是最棒的。Of the many ways to prepare coffee, the espresso method is perhaps the epitome of true coffee creation. This system, which is a small wonder of chemistry and physics, allows the coffee to reach its maximum intensity of taste and consistency. With espresso, the ground coffee releases not only the soluble substances that provide flavor, but also the insoluble ones that increase its body and aroma.When we taste espresso coffee, we are at once struck by its concentrated flavor and aromas, which distinguish it from coffee made by other methods. Aroma and body are the two dimensions which add to the flavor of espresso coffee.在制作咖啡的众多方法之中,或许只有意大利浓咖啡才可以表达真正的咖啡爱好者的最高要求。这种制作体系是化学和物理学上的一个小奇迹,它让咖啡在最大限度上保留了原有的味道和浓度。用这样的方法来煮咖啡,不仅能让咖啡释放出咖啡香中的可溶解物质,而且能分解其他不可溶物质,这些物质能增强咖啡的品质和香味。喝意大利浓咖啡时,只需尝一小口我们就会迅速被其浓郁的口味和香气所折服,这正是意大利浓咖啡与其他咖啡的不同之处。香味和浓度是衡量意大利浓咖啡是否好喝的两个尺度。LatteEspresso with steamed milk and in some shops, a small cap of foam. It has less foam than a cappuccino.Definitions blur easily here. In Australia, 'Latte' gets you a glass with a shot of espresso and lots of milk and some foam. Latte seems to have originated as the breakfast drink of Sydney commuters.拿铁咖啡这是一种含有蒸牛奶的浓咖啡,在一些咖啡店里,咖啡顶部会有少量泡沫。它比卡布奇诺咖啡的泡沫要少一些。关于拿铁咖啡的定义并不是太明确。在澳大利亚,若要喝“拿铁咖啡”,你会得到一杯装了许多牛奶和一些泡沫的浓咖啡。拿铁咖啡以前似乎是经常乘火车来来往往的人的早餐饮品。CappuccinoCappuccino is a shot of espresso with the remainder being 50% steamed milk and 50% milk foam/froth. An alternative description is 1/3 espresso, 1/3 steamed milk, 1/3 foamed milk. But again, this depends very much on the maker. Many places use more steamed milk and less froth. A man states “The foam should follow the milk to the cup naturally.”But just the opposite is true in other places. As one man said “I just started working as a barista, here in Berkeley, about a month ago. When I was shown how to make Cappuccino's, I was told that a Cappuccino has no steamed milk - only foam. One day, an Italian gentleman ordered a cappuccino from me, and I hadn't let the foam sit long enough and a tiny bit of milk seeped into the shot of espresso. He asked for another cappuccino, saying I hadn't made it right, so I asked him how it was done. He made another one, and it was a jet black shot of espresso with more than just a dollop of foam on top.”卡布奇诺咖啡卡布奇诺咖啡是另一种浓咖啡,含有50%蒸牛奶和50%泡沫牛奶。也可以说含有1/3浓咖啡,1/3蒸牛奶和1/3泡沫牛奶。但是,这也得取决于制作咖啡的人。许多地方会使用更多蒸牛奶和更少泡沫。有人说“泡沫应该随著牛奶自然溶入杯中。”在另一些地方,相反的解释才是正确的。有人这么写道,“一个月前,我刚开始在伯克利咖啡馆工作。别人向我演示如何制作卡布奇诺咖啡时对我说卡布奇诺咖啡是没有蒸牛奶的,只有泡沫。一天,一位来自意大利的绅士要卡布奇诺咖啡时,我并没有加入很多泡沫,并且只加了很少的牛奶进入装有浓咖啡的小杯子里。他要我重新给他一杯卡布奇诺咖啡,说我这杯做得不对,所以我就问他怎么做才是正确的。他为我做了一杯,那是一杯十分浓黑的意大利浓咖啡,在它的顶部是一大团泡沫。”MochaMocha was a port in Yemen - a major coffee-growing country located in southwest Asia at the southern tip of the Arabian peninsula - and it③has NOTHING to do with chocolate!One source states "However, my dictionary lists Mocha as 'a flavoring obtained from a combined infusion of coffee and chocolate' usage as④dating from the early 19th century "The American Heritage Dictionary gives the following 4 definitions:1. A rich, pungent Arabian coffee.2. Coffee of high quality.3. A flavoring made of coffee often mixed with chocolate.4. A dark olive brown colour.摩卡咖啡摩卡是也门的一个港口。也门位于西南亚,在阿拉伯半岛的南角,是主要的咖啡生产国。摩卡这个词与巧克力是没有一点关系的!有人这么写到,“在我的字典中有关摩卡的解释是,一种从咖啡和巧克力的混合物中提取的调味品,从19世纪早期开始使用。”美国传统字典给出了下面4种解释:1.浓郁且有刺激性的;2.一种高品质的咖啡;3.一种混合了巧克力咖啡饮品;4.一种深橄榄褐色。Jamaican Blue Mountain CoffeeWell-known coffees are characterized by the regions where they are grown. Climate and soil qualities can make subtle changes to the flavour of the resulting coffee. The tropical island of Jamaica has ideal conditions for蓝山咖啡著名的咖啡都用出产地来描述其特征。气候和土质都最终会给咖啡口味带来细微的变化。牙买加的热带岛屿拥有种植咖啡的绝佳条件。岛屿的大部growing coffee. Much of the island is covered with mountainous regions, including the Blue Mountains which is the tallest range on the island. The Blue Mountains are a perfect blend of rich, hot climate, plenty of rainfall and high altitude. At nearly 7,500 feet above sea level, this is one of the highest coffee regions in the world.Coffee is not native to Jamaica. Beans were brought to the island in 1728 by the governor at that time. Blue Mountain coffee has a very clean taste, with a noticable sweetness. The flavour is bold, smooth and rich. Because of the rather restricted geographical range where it is grown, Blue Mountain is available in limited quantities and can sometimes be difficult to find.分都被山地覆盖著,包括作为岛屿的最高地带的蓝山山区。蓝山山区是一块富饶的土地,那里炎热的气候、充足的降水和高海拔完美地结合在一起。在海拔将近7500英尺的地方是世界上咖啡出产量最高的地方。咖啡不是牙买加土生土长的。咖啡豆是于1728年被总督带到岛屿上的。蓝山咖啡有著非常纯正的口味,而且带著甜味。它的味道醇厚,顺滑,浓烈。因其生长的地理区域相当狭小,因此蓝山咖啡的产量也十分有限,有时甚至难以买到咖啡饮料的种类拿铁咖啡咖啡店供应的许多品种咖啡有各种各样的添加调味剂,如巧克力、酒、薄荷、丁香、柠檬汁、奶油、奶精等,各民族的人喝咖啡的口味也不同。以下是一些常见的咖啡种类:黑咖啡(black coffee):又称“清咖啡”,香港俗称“斋啡”——直接用咖啡豆烧制的咖啡,不添加奶、糖等会影响咖啡原味的饮用方式。速溶咖啡是不属于黑咖啡的范围的。白咖啡(white coffee):马来西亚特产,起源于怡保镇,是指用黄油烘培的咖啡豆,冲煮后,加入甜炼乳的饮品。从本质上是一种拿铁咖啡。在美国,白咖啡也指轻度烘培的咖啡豆,使用义式冲煮,具有较强酸味的咖啡。加味咖啡(flavored-coffee):依据各地口味的不同,在咖啡中加入巧克力、糖浆、果汁、肉桂、肉豆蔻、橘子花等不同调料。义式浓缩咖啡(Espresso):以热水借由高压冲过研磨成很细的咖啡粉末冲煮出咖啡。卡布奇诺(Cappuccino):蒸汽加压煮出的浓缩咖啡加上搅出泡沫(或蒸汽打发)的牛奶,有时还依需求加上肉桂或香料或巧克力粉。通常咖啡、牛奶和牛奶沫的比例各占1/3。另也可依需求加上两份浓缩咖啡,称为“Double”。拿铁咖啡(Caffè latte):“Caffè latte”为意大利文音译;拿铁咖啡又称“欧蕾咖啡”(Cafe au lait),法文音译─咖啡加上大量的热牛奶和糖。又称“咖啡牛奶”—中文释意,由一份浓缩咖啡加上两份以上的热牛奶。另也可依需求加上两份浓缩咖啡,称为“Double”。玛奇哈朵(Macchiato):在浓缩咖啡上放上适量蒸汽打发奶泡。Macchiato意大利文原义便是“被牛奶弄脏的咖啡”。摩卡咖啡(Caffè Mocha):咖啡中加入巧克力、牛奶和搅拌奶油,有时加入冰块。美式咖啡(American Coffee / Americano):浓缩咖啡加上大量热水。比普通的浓缩咖啡柔和。爱尔兰咖啡(Irish Coffee):在咖啡中加入威士忌,顶部放上奶油。维也纳咖啡(Viennese):由奥地利马车夫爱因·舒伯纳发明,在咖啡中加入巧克力糖浆、鲜奶油,并洒上糖制的七彩米。越南咖啡(Vietnamese Coffee):将咖啡粉盛在金属特殊的炮制过滤器,倒入滚水,让咖啡一滴一滴流到杯子里;等咖啡滴完,随每个人口味加糖或者加点炼奶搅拌好即可饮用,在越南有两种饮法是冷饮和热饮的。热饮的咖啡,人们主要在冬天饮用,泡制的时候将杯子放在另一个有热水的小碗里以保暖;冷饮咖啡则多在炎热的夏季饮用,在泡制后的咖啡中加入冰块而成。曼特宁咖啡(Mandeling coffee):产于亚洲印度尼西亚的苏门答腊,别称苏门答腊咖啡。风味非常浓郁,香、苦、醇厚,带有少许的甜味。